Combat Bonuses and Penalties

Bonuses and penalties for naval units:

• Cargo Penalty: for each unit of cargo, both the offensive and the defensive power of the unit are reduced by 12.5%.
• Piracy Bonus: after Francis Drake has joined the Continental Congress (see below), both the offensive and the defensive power of all your Privateers is increased by 50%.

Bonuses and penalties for land units:

• Armed Bonus: the offensive and defensive power of your units increases by two if they are armed. Native units and the units of the Royal Expeditionary Force are only granted half this bonus.
• Mounted Bonus: the offensive and defensive power of your units increases by one if they are mounted.
• Veteran Bonus: the offensive and defensive power of veteran units is increased by 50%.
• Attack Bonus: the offensive power of attacking units is increased by 50%.
• Movement Penalty: the offensive power of units with only two movement points left is reduced by 33% and the offensive power of units with only one movement point left is reduced by 66%.
• Ambush Bonus: the offensive power of native units is increased by the defence bonus of the defender's tile. Your units are granted the same bonus when attacking units of the Royal Expeditionary Force.
• Artillery Penalty: the offensive power of artillery attacking units not in a colony is reduced by 75%. The defensive power of artillery not in a colony is also reduced by 75%.
• Bombard Bonus: the offensive power of the units of the Royal Expeditionary Force is increased by 50% when attacking a colony.
• Fortified Bonus: the defensive power of fortified units is increased by 50%.
• Stockade Bonus: the defensive power of units in a colony with a Stockade, Fort or Fortress is increased by 100%, 150% and 200%, respectively.
• Artillery Bonus: the defensive power of artillery in a colony defending against an Indian raid is increased by 50%.
• Ambush Penalty: the defensive power of your units when defending against Indians, and of the units of the Royal Expeditionary Force when defending against your units is reduced by the defence bonus of the defender's tile.